In the metric system its density is one gram per cubic centimeter, or 1,000-kg per cubic meter. At 39-deg F (4-deg C), water has a density of 8.34 pounds per gallon or 62.43 pounds per cubic foot. The density of a substance is defined as its mass per unit volume, but here on the earth's surface, we can substitute weight for mass. This month we will explore specific gravity's effect on the performance of a centrifugal pump. But, if you work with other liquids, you have to consider the effect of these properties on those water based, head/capacity curves. Consequently, specific gravity (SG) and viscosity are not factors when sizing them. For many of us, water is the only liquid that flows through our centrifugal pumps.
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